{"id":761,"date":"2022-04-16T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/?p=761"},"modified":"2026-09-06T20:12:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T11:12:09","slug":"el-post-761","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/es\/post-761\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el \u00abJ\u016bsan-mairi\u00bb, el rito de paso hacia la edad adulta? La tradicional costumbre del templo H\u014drin-ji y el puente Togetsukyo, en Arashiyama"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/01F-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/01F-3.jpg 512w, https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/01F-3-300x229.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Foto: Redacci\u00f3n de KYOTREAT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al pasear por el puente Togetsukyo de Arashiyama, a veces se ve a padres que le dicen a sus hijos, vestidos con trajes de gala: \u00abNo te des la vuelta, \u00bfvale?\u00bb. Se trata de una escena entre padres e hijos que acaban de celebrar el \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb. Es un importante rito de paso que se celebra desde tiempos inmemoriales en Arashiyama, Kioto, para celebrar el crecimiento de los ni\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En este art\u00edculo te presentamos con detalle el origen y las normas de la \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb, as\u00ed como la historia y los puntos de inter\u00e9s del templo Horin-ji, conocido como lugar de peregrinaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00cdndice<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u25a0 \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u25a0 Normas de comportamiento el d\u00eda de la visita a los trece santuarios<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u25a0Lo m\u00e1s destacado del templo Horin-ji<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u25a0Informaci\u00f3n sobre la visita (fechas, tarifa de la oraci\u00f3n, c\u00f3mo llegar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Resumen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u25a0<strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el Trece Mairi?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb es una tradici\u00f3n en la que los ni\u00f1os que cumplen 13 a\u00f1os seg\u00fan el sistema de edad japonesa (12 a\u00f1os seg\u00fan la edad civil, m\u00e1s o menos cuando terminan la escuela primaria) acuden a templos y santuarios para recibir sabidur\u00eda y buena fortuna. Se trata de una costumbre que se ha transmitido desde tiempos antiguos en la regi\u00f3n de Kansai, especialmente en Kioto y Osaka, pero en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os se ha ido extendiendo poco a poco a otras regiones fuera de Kansai, y se dice que cada vez son m\u00e1s las familias que celebran el \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb incluso en Kanto y otras zonas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los 13 a\u00f1os seg\u00fan el calendario tradicional japon\u00e9s coinciden con el primer ciclo completo del ciclo de los doce signos del zodiaco desde el nacimiento, por lo que desde la antig\u00fcedad se ha considerado un a\u00f1o de mala suerte o un hito importante en la vida. Mientras que el Shichi-Go-San es una celebraci\u00f3n que conmemora el crecimiento durante la primera infancia, el \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb se caracteriza por considerarse un \u00abrito de paso hacia la edad adulta\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u25a0<strong>El origen de la \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb y la historia del templo Horin-ji<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se considera que el lugar de origen de la \u00abJ\u016bs\u014d-mairi\u00bb es el \u00abH\u014drin-ji\u00bb, situado en Arashiyama y conocido popularmente como \u00abK\u016bz\u014d-san de Saga\u00bb. Se considera que sus or\u00edgenes se remontan al a\u00f1o Tench\u014d 6 (829), cuando el monje D\u014dsh\u014d instal\u00f3 la imagen principal del Bodhisattva Kok\u016bz\u014d, y se dice que en el a\u00f1o J\u014dgan 16 (876) se le cambi\u00f3 el nombre por el actual, \u00abTemplo H\u014drin-ji\u00bb. Su nombre aparece mencionado en el *Makura no S\u014dshi* de Sei Sh\u014dnagon como uno de los templos m\u00e1s representativos de Kioto, y las bendiciones de su imagen principal tambi\u00e9n se recogen en el *Konjaku Monogatari Sh\u016b*; se trata, por tanto, de un templo de gran tradici\u00f3n que se remonta a la era Heian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/7JJClCEEpFIHfBZN-ZN4QYreApwPthjC1RjTo30bUB_KG5mndlxyD01UgNVuX2iwp3qhrtVYpZDSJTy_9xBLf8h0coGHz8Uz8VvHRnITjaEpRgaPJgbB6gbF9jehGDvLYpcJa8zh\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Foto: Redacci\u00f3n de KYOTREAT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se considera que el origen de la \u00abvisita de los trece\u00bb se remonta a principios del periodo Heian, cuando el emperador Seiwa, que hab\u00eda ascendido al trono siendo a\u00fan muy joven, cumpli\u00f3 los 13 a\u00f1os (seg\u00fan el sistema de edad tradicional) y, como prueba de su mayor\u00eda de edad, se celebr\u00f3 una ceremonia religiosa imperial (chokugan h\u014dy\u014d) en el templo Horin-ji. Se considera que el Bodhisattva Kokuz\u014d naci\u00f3 como el decimotercer acompa\u00f1ante del Buda Dainichi Nyorai y, dado que es el buda que preside la sabidur\u00eda, la buena fortuna y las artes, esta peregrinaci\u00f3n pas\u00f3 a denominarse tambi\u00e9n \u00abperegrinaci\u00f3n de la sabidur\u00eda\u00bb o \u00abpara obtener sabidur\u00eda\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u25a0<strong><strong>Normas de comportamiento el d\u00eda de la visita a los trece santuarios<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al acudir al santuario, los ni\u00f1os escriben primero con pincel, en un papel especial, un car\u00e1cter kanji que representa el deseo que desean que se les conceda. No hay ninguna norma sobre qu\u00e9 car\u00e1cter escribir \u2014puede ser \u00ab\u77e5\u00bb, \u00ab\u8ce2\u00bb, \u00ab\u7f8e\u00bb o \u00ab\u5065\u00bb, entre otros\u2014; la costumbre es que cada uno elija el que mejor refleje su deseo. Esta costumbre tiene su origen en que, antiguamente, se consideraba que la forma m\u00e1s respetuosa de rendir culto era ofrecer una copia manuscrita de un sutra; actualmente, se ha simplificado y consiste en ofrecer un car\u00e1cter kanji como \u00abcopia de un car\u00e1cter\u00bb. El car\u00e1cter escrito act\u00faa como sustituto de la persona y, durante el periodo de oraci\u00f3n, se lee en voz alta en el templo para que se rece por ella.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/03F-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-763\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/03F-4.jpg 512w, https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/03F-4-300x247.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Foto: Redacci\u00f3n de KYOTREAT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En cuanto a la vestimenta, el estilo tradicional consiste en que tanto ni\u00f1os como ni\u00f1as lleven kimonos \u00abhon-zari\u00bb (de corte adulto), igual que los adultos: las ni\u00f1as visten un kimono de mangas medias con los hombros subidos, y los ni\u00f1os, un hakama con emblemas. Se cuenta que, antiguamente, exist\u00eda la costumbre de cambiar el peinado de los ni\u00f1os por el de los adultos en esta \u00e9poca, as\u00ed como de cambiarles el nombre de infancia por el de adulto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"505\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/04F-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-764\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/04F-3.jpg 505w, https:\/\/kyotreat.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/04F-3-300x281.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Foto: Redacci\u00f3n de KYOTREAT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adem\u00e1s, la costumbre m\u00e1s conocida del \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb es la prohibici\u00f3n de mirar atr\u00e1s tras la visita al templo. Se dice que, tras recibir la bendici\u00f3n en el templo Horin-ji, no se debe mirar atr\u00e1s en ning\u00fan momento hasta haber bajado las escaleras de piedra y haber cruzado por completo el puente Togetsu. Esto se debe a que, seg\u00fan la tradici\u00f3n, si uno mira atr\u00e1s durante el trayecto, devolver\u00e1 o perder\u00e1 la sabidur\u00eda y la buena fortuna que acaba de recibir. Siguiendo esta costumbre, se ha extendido la pr\u00e1ctica de no mirar atr\u00e1s hasta salir del camino de acceso, incluso cuando se realiza el \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb en otros templos o santuarios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u25a0<strong>Lo m\u00e1s destacado del templo Horin-ji<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al atravesar la puerta principal del templo y subir los escalones de piedra, a mitad del camino de acceso se encuentra el santuario \u00abDenden-gu\u00bb, venerado como dios protector de la electricidad y las ondas de radio. Se trata de un santuario poco com\u00fan a nivel nacional que atrae a numerosos fieles que acuden a rezar por el progreso tecnol\u00f3gico en los \u00e1mbitos de la electricidad y la electr\u00f3nica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si sigues subiendo por la escalinata de piedra, ver\u00e1s la sala principal justo delante y, a su izquierda, la pagoda Tah\u014d. Desde el mirador situado a la derecha de la sala principal, conocido como \u00abButai\u00bb, se puede contemplar una vista panor\u00e1mica del paisaje de Sagano \u2014incluido el puente Togetsu\u2014, as\u00ed como de la cordillera de Higashiyama y el centro de Kioto. Si tienes ocasi\u00f3n de visitar el lugar, no dejes de disfrutar de estas vistas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u25a0Informaci\u00f3n sobre la visita (fechas, tarifa de la oraci\u00f3n, c\u00f3mo llegar)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La peregrinaci\u00f3n de las trece visitas al templo Horin-ji se celebra dos veces al a\u00f1o, en primavera y en oto\u00f1o, durante un periodo determinado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>La peregrinaci\u00f3n de los trece a la primavera<\/strong>: Del 13 de marzo al 13 de mayo (un mes antes y un mes despu\u00e9s del 13 de abril, que es el d\u00eda central)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>La peregrinaci\u00f3n de los trece a la sinto\u00edsta en oto\u00f1o<\/strong>: Del 1 de octubre al 30 de noviembre, aproximadamente<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El coste de la oraci\u00f3n var\u00eda en funci\u00f3n de la duraci\u00f3n de la misma; como referencia, se considera que es de 5.000 yenes por una semana, 7.000 yenes por un mes y 13.000 yenes por un a\u00f1o (dado que los importes pueden sufrir variaciones, se recomienda consultarlos con antelaci\u00f3n en la p\u00e1gina web oficial).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3007 Templo Horin-ji (conocido popularmente como \u00abKokuz\u014d-san de Saga\u00bb)<\/strong> <br>Direcci\u00f3n: 616-0006, Arashiyama Kokuzo-yama-cho, distrito de Nishikyo, ciudad de Kioto, prefectura de Kioto <br>Tel\u00e9fono: 075-862-0013 <br>C\u00f3mo llegar: A unos 15 minutos a pie desde la estaci\u00f3n \u00abArashiyama\u00bb de la l\u00ednea Randen. <br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000 A unos 20 minutos a pie desde la estaci\u00f3n de \u00abSaga-Arashiyama\u00bb de la l\u00ednea JR Sagano <br>                    A unos 5 minutos a pie de la estaci\u00f3n de Arashiyama del ferrocarril Hankyu <br>                    A unos 5 minutos a pie desde la parada de \u00abHankyu Arashiyama Ekimae\u00bb de Kyoto Bus (l\u00edneas 62, 63, 66, 72, 73, 76, 83, 90, 92 y 94) <br>HP:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kokuzohourinji.com\">https:\/\/www.kokuzohourinji.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u25a0<strong>resumen<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El \u00abJ\u00fasan-mairi\u00bb tiene su origen en una leyenda relacionada con el emperador Seiwa, de la era Heian, y es un rito de iniciaci\u00f3n propio de Arashiyama, en Kioto, que se ha transmitido durante m\u00e1s de mil a\u00f1os. En esta serie de rituales \u2014en los que el ni\u00f1o escribe una letra con sus propios deseos y cruza el puente Togetsukyo sin volverse atr\u00e1s\u2014 se plasman los sentimientos de la familia que vela por su crecimiento y la discreci\u00f3n propia de la antigua capital, Kioto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si tienes la oportunidad de visitar Arashiyama en primavera (desde mediados de marzo hasta mediados de mayo) o en oto\u00f1o (de octubre a noviembre), es posible que veas a ni\u00f1os vestidos con trajes de gala y a sus familias observ\u00e1ndolos. Cuando des un paseo por los alrededores del puente Togetsukyo, no dejes de pensar en estas tradiciones de Kioto.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5d50\u5c71\u306e\u6e21\u6708\u6a4b\u3092\u6b69\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6674\u308c\u7740\u306b\u8eab\u3092\u5305\u3093\u3060\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306b\u300c\u632f\u308a\u8fd4\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3042\u304b\u3093\u3067\u301c\u300d\u3068\u58f0\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u89aa\u5fa1\u3055\u3093\u306e\u59ff\u3092\u898b\u304b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":762,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[54,43,51,56,1],"tags":[],"area":[45],"posts_tag":[41],"class_list":["post-761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-season","category-taiken","category-history","category-limited","category-top-slider","area-arashiyama","posts_tag-41"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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